Doctoral student of Future Studies, Supreme National Defense University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Foresight is one of the appropriate tools for moving on the waves of uncertainty, and choosing the right method is one of the most important points that is necessary for the success of foresight. One of the ways to achieve better results in the future is to have a clear picture of different methods and to be aware of their use in previous projects. Since the 1990s, various methods have been proposed and used at different levels to carry out futuristic projects. However, many of them have faced failure or have many problems and defects, and due to the dynamics of the future, a specific set of the process of using them is not available. The purpose of this research is to explain the definitions, components and structure of the Backcasting method, and to present an integrated summary of the results of the conducted researches and to create a clear picture of the application of the Backcasting method and help to better understand how to apply it in various future research topics. In this sense, a systematic review of the articles published in the internet databases such as: Science Direct, Scopus and Emerald has been done and after screening in different stages, nearly 20 articles were studied in depth were taken and analyzed.
